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The pioneers, by necessity, were a resourceful people. Much of what they had was made by hand. Materials available in the 1800’s included: wood, tin, brass, iron, steel, glass, rope, and cloth. There was no plastic, styrofoam, lucite, latex or elastic. There were no aluminum pop cans or cardboard boxes. Please do not bring these items to the festival. (Only hot food/drinks may be served in styrofoam). Use paper lunch bags rather than plastic baggies for individual sales such as pot pourri or candy. If you have an item on this "banned" list that is required by the Board of Health or you lack a suitable substitute for the item, please follow these suggestions: COVERINGS - Fabric drop cloths, burlap sacks, oilcloth, quilts or blankets may be used to cover unacceptable items. Paint suppliers are a good source for white canvas drop cloths. COOLERS - Plastic or Styrofoam coolers may be placed inside a wooden box or covered with a cloth (see COVERINGS). Some prefer to make their own coolers from wood lined with galvanized tin or steel. TABLES - Tables must be covered to the ground on all four sides. Suggested fabrics include: calico, gingham, broadcloth, muslin, canvas, chambray, or osnaburg. Clear plastic table covering is NOT acceptable. Items from the "banned" list may be hidden under the table. CHAIRS - Directors chairs or aluminum lawn chairs are one of the biggest detractions at the festival and are not allowed. Wooden chairs or stools are appropriate. Hay bales also provide acceptable and comfortable seating. STRAW BALES - Straw bales will be available for purchase at the Festival. Individual and group participants are responsible for clean up if bales are broken. CUPS/MUGS - Remember, plastic cups are not allowed. Place your liquids in stoneware, tin, or ceramic mugs. Many modern mugs look old. TENTS - The festival board provides tents in neutral and off-white colors for certain festival participants. Neutral or off white colored tarps are preferred. No plastic or bright colored tarps or tents are permitted. Aluminum tent poles must be disguised. SIGNS - Signs should be made of wood, tin, brass, or other period material. Cardboard is not acceptable. Signs may be placed on your counter top or nailed to a pole you bring for your set-up. NO signs of any type are to be nailed to trees or tent poles or attached to a campground post. These will be promptly removed and the group or individual's status for returning to the festival next year will be jeopardized. CRAFT ITEMS - Exhibited items must be hand made by the person or persons participating. Mass produced items are NOT acceptable, including books, tapes, compact discs, artificial Christmas trees and plastic items. ANIMALS - Leave your pets at home. BREAKING CAMP - Booth take-down MAY NOT begin until the festival closes. SALES EQUIPMENT - No battery operated cash registers are allowed.
Pocket calculators and charge card apparatus MUST BE CONCEALED. What Should I Wear? Early to mid 19th century costumes must be worn by all men, women, and children participating in the festival. This includes those who will be working in booths even for only short periods of time. Tennis shoes, ball caps and t-shirts are not appropriate attire. The pioneers and settlers had little time or need for fashion. Clothing was designed to be sturdy and practical. It was the woman’s responsibility to clothe her family. Since the sewing machine was not invented until 1846 and paper patterns much later, all clothing had to be hand stitched. Each garment was nursed to last many years. Fabrics commonly used by the pioneers included: Flannel (even red) Muslin (bleached and unbleached) Wool Calico Gingham checked Denim Cotton Linsey-woolsey Fustian (50% cotton, 50% linen) Linen Towcloth or burlap WOMEN’S CLOTHING Buttons were rarely used on women’s garments. Drawstrings and ties were common features and pins were used as fasteners. The Chemise . . . a simple long sleeve garment made of linen or cotton worn next to the skin, often doubling as a nightgown and a dress. Many women had only two chemises. It was common in hot weather to wear the chemise without a petticoat. The Petticoat . . . a long full skirt gathered onto a waistband. Petticoats were worn over the chemise. In cold weather ladies might wear three or four petticoats over each other for warmth. The Apron . . . an indispensable item of clothing made in several different styles. The word "pinafore" came from the bib apron with the bib pinned in place. The Kerchief . . . a 29" to 32" square of fabric folded to form a triangle and worn over the shoulders, tied or pinned in front. Wool was used for warmth in the winter. A thin fabric was used in the summer. The kerchief was usually white or blue. Head Coverings . . . Pioneer women always kept their hair covered. Mob caps were often worn. Many times a square of cloth was folded into a triangle and tied under the chin (peasant style), on top of the head (turban style), or behind the head at the nape of the neck. Out of doors, straw hats with wide brims and flat crowns were worn over a mob cap and tied under the chin. Sunbonnets were also worn. Cold Weather Garments . . . Shawls, capes or mantels were worn for protection against the elements. Women's clothing need not be hand sewn. Aprons over blue jeans
are not allowed. Women's skirts must reach the ground. Men’s Clothing The Work Shirt . . . made from cotton fabrics or flannel and fastened at the neck with one or two buttons (not down the front as shirts today). In the 1820’s, a long sleeved knitted undershirt was developed. It was also worn as a work shirt and eventually developed into the union suit. The Waistcoat . . . a vest-like over garment which buttoned down the front and was worn for all occasions. Breeches . . . short pants made of cotton, linen, tow, linsey-woolsey or leather fitting snugly just below the knee. They had gussets in the back, which laced to fit the wearer and a narrow front fall. Breeches were worn in the early 1800’s. Trousers . . . full length baggy pants made from cotton, denim, linen, linsey-woolsey, or leather. They had a broad front fall and often did not have waistbands. Suspenders or a sash held them up. NO BELTS! (Note: Fly fronts had not come into use yet. We suggest you wear blue jeans with a long work shirt that will cover the fly.) Aprons . . .depending upon their task men occasionally wore aprons. They were usually made from denim or leather. Hats . . . two common styles included a flat crown straw hat with a broad brim or a large crowned, wide brimmed hat made of felt. The crown was sometimes creased. The Neckerchief . . . a 25" piece of cloth folded to form a triangle and worn around the neck when working. Neckerchiefs were generally red or blue. In 1832, a store in Fort Wayne sold them for 40 cents. Stockings Stockings were an absolute necessity for both men and women. They were either hand knit, loom made or sewn fabric. In this area, they were probably hand knit and dyed a solid color. Shoes Shoes for men and women were either brown or black (NEVER WHITE!)
and were many different styles: moccasins, slip ons, low laced
oxfords and either laced or pull-on boots. Any type of laced sport
shoe is acceptable if the uppers and soles are black or brown.
Should there be a logo visible, please cover it with tape. If you
are working around fires, please wear leather shoes. Children’s Clothing Children were dressed like miniature adults. They had many tucks in their cloths so they could be easily adjusted as the child grew. Patterns Patterns which can be found locally are McCalls #3369, 2337, and 9423 and Simplicity #9708 and #9713 A large assortment of patterns can be found at: Jas. Townsend and Son, Inc. Store in Pierceton, Indiana (1/4 mile south of U.S. 30) 1-800-338-1665 www.jastown.com Patterns for period clothes and many supplies for living history. Smoke and Fire Co. 27 N. River Road Waterville, Ohio 43577 1-800-766-5334 Fax 419-878-3653 www.smoke-fire.com Patterns, variety of goods for living history and period clothing. Gohn Bros. Downtown P.O. Box 1110 Middlebury Indiana 46540-1110 1-800-595-0031 for catalog Many selections, Amish and plain clothing, materials, necessaries
for living history. OTHER THINGS TO KNOW............. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RAIN POLICY In the event of rain, goods may be protected by plastic or similar material. Rain gear is acceptable. Booths may be set up after 9:00 a.m., however, vehicles are still prohibited on the grounds between 9:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. Saturday and between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. on Sunday. Under wet conditions, it is acceptable to spread straw in your area. Electing not to set up a booth is permissible only under severe weather conditions and with the approval of your area chairperson. Plastic tarps are to be removed when the rain ends or at the request of your area representative or festival official. FIRE POLICY Fires must be built in a pit or barrel-type container roped off at a distance of at least three (3) feet. Fires must be supervised at all times. Please remove sod carefully and replace at the conclusion of the festival. PROPANE GAS IS NOT ALLOWED! Straw bails must be kept at a distance of 10' or greater from any open flame, including cigarettes. GRAY WATER Gray water is water that has been used to wash pots, pans, hands, etc. Please discard this water at the dump station located by the Camp Office. CLEAN UP Each participant is responsible for leaving his/her booth areas as it was found upon arrival. The area should be cleared of all trash and any straw or hay. Any sod removed must be replaced. Special "thanks" to Reba Dunmire for her time, interest and energy in developing these guidelines and for her many hours of help through all the festival years. Our memory of her is a special treasure shared by all. Revised 2003 |
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Copyright © 2007 Johnny Appleseed Festival Inc. 5102 Harry Baals Dr. Fort Wayne IN 46805 |
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